Assistant Laboratory Animal Technician (ALAT) Practice Exam

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How is a spontaneous genetic mutation characterized?

  1. Intentionally induced

  2. Planned and controlled

  3. Unplanned and occurring naturally

  4. Created through selective breeding

The correct answer is: Unplanned and occurring naturally

A spontaneous genetic mutation is characterized as unplanned and occurring naturally. This type of mutation arises without any external manipulation or intentional induction and takes place as a result of errors during DNA replication, environmental factors, or other natural biological processes. Unlike induced mutations, which are intentionally created through various means—such as exposure to certain chemicals or radiation—spontaneous mutations happen in the normal course of cellular activity. This distinction is vital for understanding genetic variation and evolution, as spontaneous mutations contribute to the genetic diversity of a population without any strategic or planned intervention. Such mutations can have varied effects, from benign to beneficial, or sometimes deleterious, influencing the adaptation and evolution of species over time.

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